It's an apprenticeship contract that mixes work with training. There are different types (professionalising, school-based, higher education), each with its own rules on age, duration, and curriculum.
It's a cheaper hire for the employer (reduced contributions) and a real on-the-job path for the apprentice. It can lead to a permanent contract at the end without a probation period.
"At 22, Vlad started a 3-year apprendistato as an electrician in Sondrio. The salary scale increased step by step, and at the end his contract turned into a permanent position."
Pay starts lower than a normal contract, but it must still respect the CCNL's minimums for the corresponding level. Very low payments without a clear training plan are a red flag.
Official source
Ministero del Lavoro
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