It's the Chamber of Commerce in each province. It keeps the business register (Registro Imprese), supports companies, and issues certificates like the visura camerale. Anyone running a business in Italy will deal with it sooner or later.
When you open a sole proprietorship, an SRL, or any other business, you register with the Camera di Commercio. Banks, suppliers, and clients often ask for an up-to-date visura before working with you.
"After registering his new SRL with a notary in Forlì, Gabriel walked to the Camera di Commercio to complete the iscrizione in the Registro Imprese and order his first visura."
You pay a small annual diritto camerale even if you don't use the chamber's services. Skipping it triggers fines and complications when you order future visure.
Official source
Unioncamere
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