It's the legal mechanism for surfacing undeclared work, where an employer registers a worker who was previously off the books. In the immigration context, this was the main route used during the 2020 sanatoria.
For workers, it converts irregular employment into a real contract with INPS contributions, tax records, and (when offered) a path to a residence permit. For employers, it usually costs a regularisation fee and back contributions.
"In 2020, a family in Bergamo who had been paying their badante in cash applied for emersione. They paid the regularisation fee, signed a proper CCNL contract, and started paying INPS contributions every month."
Official source
Ministero dell'Interno
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