It's the self-employment visa: a National Visa for non-EU citizens who want to open a business or work as freelancers in Italy. It's usually issued under the self-employment slots of the Decreto Flussi.
Without it, you can't legally start a freelance or business activity in Italy from outside the EU under the standard route. Documentation about the activity, income, and qualifications is detailed.
Self-employment quotas are usually smaller than employee quotas. Plan early and assume strong competition for the slots.
Official source
Ministero dell'Interno
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